RF microneedling, commonly referred to as “gold needle treatment” in Türkiye, is a dermatological procedure that delivers radiofrequency energy to controlled depths within the skin through fine microneedles. The microchannels created by the needles, together with the controlled heat generated in the tissue, are intended to support the skin’s natural repair process and collagen remodelling.
RF microneedling is different from conventional microneedling or Dermapen treatments. Conventional microneedling creates mechanical microchannels in the skin, whereas RF microneedling also delivers controlled radiofrequency energy through the needle tips. The device settings, needle depth, and energy level must therefore be selected according to the patient’s skin characteristics and the area being treated.
Following a dermatological assessment, RF microneedling may be considered for:
Atrophic acne scars
Enlarged pores and uneven skin texture
Fine lines and age-related skin changes
Mild skin laxity
Certain surgical or traumatic scars
Uneven skin tone and texture
RF microneedling is not suitable for every type of acne scar, pigmentation concern, or enlarged pore. It is particularly important to identify the cause of pigmentation before treatment. In conditions such as melasma or post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation, inappropriate device settings or excessive energy may make the pigmentation more noticeable.
Before the procedure, the skin is cleansed and a topical anaesthetic cream may be applied if appropriate. The device’s microneedles then enter the skin at predetermined depths while delivering radiofrequency energy into the tissue.
Needle depth and energy settings are adjusted according to the treatment area, skin thickness, type of scarring, and the patient’s skin characteristics.
The duration of the procedure depends on the size of the area being treated. Patients may experience a pricking sensation, warmth, or burning during treatment. Although topical anaesthesia can help reduce discomfort, the procedure cannot be guaranteed to be completely painless or equally comfortable for everyone.
The number of sessions required depends on the patient’s skin characteristics, the condition being treated, the device and settings used, and the skin’s response to treatment. Some patients may notice changes after one session, but a series of treatments at planned intervals may be recommended in many cases.
Because collagen remodelling develops gradually, the full effects may not be visible immediately. The degree of improvement varies from person to person, and a specific result cannot be guaranteed in advance.
Temporary redness, sensitivity, warmth or burning, mild swelling, pinpoint crusting, and changes in skin colour may occur after the procedure. The intensity and duration of these effects depend on the treatment settings and the patient’s skin characteristics.
After treatment, the skin should be protected from irritation. Any crusts should be allowed to fall away naturally, and skincare products should be used as recommended by the dermatologist. Careful sun protection and regular use of a suitable sunscreen are important for reducing the risk of post-treatment pigmentation.
RF microneedling is a medical procedure and is not entirely risk-free. In addition to temporary redness and swelling, possible complications include infection, prolonged pigmentation changes, burns, scarring, or worsening of an existing skin condition. Incorrect needle depth or excessive energy settings may cause more significant tissue damage.
Treatment may be postponed or considered unsuitable for patients with an active skin infection, open wounds in the treatment area, active cold sores, impaired wound healing, or a tendency to develop keloid scars.
Patients should inform their dermatologist about any medications, previous procedures, systemic medical conditions, allergies, and skin sensitivities before treatment.
At Dr. Armin Müştak’s dermatology practice in Çankaya, Ankara, each patient undergoes a dermatological assessment before RF microneedling. This assessment includes skin type, the nature of any scarring or other concerns, treatment expectations, medical history, and individual risk factors.
For suitable patients, the treatment area, needle depth, energy settings, and number and frequency of sessions are planned individually.
RF microneedling uses fine needles to deliver radiofrequency energy to predetermined depths within the skin. The combination of microneedling and controlled heat supports collagen production and tissue remodeling. This procedure is commonly known as “gold needle treatment.”
Standard Dermapen treatment uses mechanical microneedling alone, whereas RF microneedling also delivers heat energy beneath the skin. RF microneedling is not a laser treatment.
RF microneedling is commonly used to treat depressed acne scars, fine lines, uneven skin texture, and mild skin laxity. It may also help reduce the appearance of enlarged pores.
Suitability depends on the individual’s skin and the concern being treated. Deep acne scars may require RF microneedling to be combined with other procedures. The goal is to achieve gradual improvement—not to remove scars completely or produce results comparable to a surgical facelift.
The number of sessions depends on the treatment goal, the device used, the selected settings, and the skin’s response. A series of treatments is usually required, and research studies have used various protocols involving three to four sessions.
Sessions are generally scheduled four to eight weeks apart, although longer intervals may be recommended for some patients. Results develop gradually as collagen remodeling occurs, and it may take several months to assess the full extent of improvement.
A topical anesthetic cream is usually applied before treatment. Even with numbing, some stinging and warmth may still be felt during the procedure.
Redness, mild swelling, tenderness, pinpoint bleeding, or small crusts may occur afterward. These effects usually subside within a few days but may last up to a week following more intensive treatment. The appropriate time to resume normal activities and wear makeup depends on the skin’s condition and the intensity of the procedure.
RF microneedling can be performed on a range of skin tones, but it is not risk-free for any skin type. Possible complications include changes in skin pigmentation, infection, and cold sore flare-ups. Serious complications, including burns, permanent scarring, unwanted fat loss, and nerve damage, have also been reported with certain uses of RF microneedling.
The needle depth and energy settings must be selected carefully based on the anatomy of the treatment area. The procedure should be assessed and performed by a physician who is properly trained and experienced in using the device.
Tell your physician about any medications you take, a history of cold sores, bleeding disorders, wound healing problems, and existing medical conditions. Treatment may be postponed if you have an active infection. A new, sterile, single-use needle cartridge must be used for each session.
After treatment, follow the recommended gentle cleansing and moisturizing routine, protect your skin from the sun, and avoid picking at scabs. Pause irritating skin care products as directed by your physician. Contact your physician if you develop worsening pain, an obvious burn, or drainage from the treated area.
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