Skin ageing is a natural process influenced not only by time but also by sun exposure, genetics, facial expressions, smoking, stress, and environmental factors. Over time, fine lines, wrinkles, uneven pigmentation, volume loss, dryness, and changes in skin texture may develop.
“Skin rejuvenation” does not refer to a single treatment or device. It is a broad term covering different procedures that address various signs of ageing. There is therefore no single rejuvenation treatment that is suitable for everyone.
Before creating a treatment plan, the patient’s skin type, facial anatomy, wrinkle pattern, volume changes, tendency to develop pigmentation, previous procedures, current medications, and expectations are assessed together.
Expression lines, sunspots, uneven skin texture, and facial volume loss cannot all be treated with the same method. Treatment should be selected according to the patient’s main concerns, individual anatomy, and medical suitability.
Following a dermatological assessment, one or more of the following treatments may be considered for suitable patients.
Botulinum toxin may be used to soften expression lines caused by muscle activity, particularly on the forehead, between the eyebrows, and around the eyes.
Not every type of wrinkle responds to botulinum toxin. Lines caused by volume loss, sun damage, or changes in skin texture may require a different approach.
Dermal fillers may be used to address selected areas of facial volume loss, deeper folds, and changes in facial proportions.
The choice of product, amount used, injection depth, and technique should be based on the patient’s facial anatomy and the area being treated.
CO2 fractional laser may be considered for suitable patients to improve the appearance of fine lines, certain signs of sun damage, uneven skin texture, and acne scars.
Recovery time and the risk of pigmentation changes vary depending on the patient’s skin type, the treatment area, and the laser settings used.
Conventional microneedling and radiofrequency microneedling are different procedures. During RF microneedling, commonly known as “gold needle treatment” in Türkiye, microneedles deliver controlled radiofrequency energy to selected depths within the skin.
These procedures may be considered for concerns such as uneven skin texture, fine lines, and certain types of scarring.
RF microneedling is a medical procedure and is not risk-free. Possible complications include burns, pigmentation changes, and scarring. More serious complications, including fat loss, contour irregularities, and nerve injury, have also been reported rarely.
A chemical peel creates a controlled effect within selected layers of the skin using a specific chemical solution. It may be considered for superficial pigmentation, uneven skin texture, and certain fine lines.
The type, concentration, and depth of the peel should be selected according to the patient’s skin type, the condition being treated, and the risk of pigmentation changes.
PRP, or platelet-rich plasma, is prepared from the patient’s own blood and contains a concentrated level of platelets. PRP is not a stem cell treatment.
Its suitability, treatment goals, and whether it should be combined with other procedures must be determined following a dermatological assessment.
Mesotherapy involves injecting selected products into the skin. Because these products can differ significantly in their ingredients and intended effects, the exact composition, safety profile, and purpose of the treatment should be clearly understood.
Not every product described as a “vitamin injection” has the same effect, and specific results cannot be guaranteed.
Laser and light-based systems used for pigmentation, redness, or uneven skin texture work in different ways.
Q-switched and picosecond lasers may be considered for selected pigmented lesions, but they do not treat every sign of skin ageing at the same time. The choice of device should be based on an accurate diagnosis and the patient’s skin characteristics.
Combining several procedures does not automatically produce better results. When planning combination treatment, the compatibility of the procedures, the skin’s healing capacity, the required recovery time, and the overall risk of side effects must all be considered.
Some procedures may be performed during the same session, while others require a recovery period between treatments.
The time needed to see results depends on the procedure. The effects of certain injectable treatments may become noticeable relatively quickly, while changes following laser treatments, microneedling, or collagen-stimulating procedures usually develop more gradually.
Results are influenced by factors including age, skin characteristics, the treatment performed, lifestyle, smoking, and sun-protection habits.
The degree of improvement, duration of the effects, and number of sessions required vary from person to person and cannot be guaranteed in advance.
At Dr. Armin Müştak’s dermatology practice in Çankaya, Ankara, skin rejuvenation treatments are planned only after assessing the patient’s skin characteristics, facial anatomy, signs of ageing, previous treatments, medical history, expectations, and individual risk factors.
For suitable patients, a personalised treatment plan is created after discussing the available procedures, alternative options, expected recovery process, limitations, and potential risks.
Facial rejuvenation includes a range of treatments aimed at reducing changes caused by aging and sun damage. Expression lines, volume loss, dark spots, uneven skin texture, and skin laxity are assessed individually. The goal is to achieve a more rested and balanced appearance while preserving each person’s distinctive facial features. No single treatment can address all of these changes equally well.
Botulinum toxin may be considered for expression lines, appropriate dermal fillers for volume loss, and fractional laser treatments or microneedling for uneven skin texture and certain scars. Dark spots require treatment based on the diagnosis, along with sun protection. Treatment selection depends on more than age alone: skin type, facial anatomy, existing medical conditions, expectations, and the time available for recovery are all considered.
Nonsurgical treatments may improve lines, volume loss, and mild skin laxity in suitable patients. However, they do not provide the same results as a surgical facelift when there is significant excess skin or advanced sagging. Using excessive amounts of dermal filler is also not an appropriate solution for sagging. During the consultation, your physician should explain which concerns can be improved with nonsurgical treatments and the limitations of those treatments.
The timing of results varies by treatment. Hyaluronic acid fillers provide an early volumizing effect, while botulinum toxin begins to take effect within a few days. With treatments aimed at collagen remodeling, improvements may develop over weeks to months. Results are not permanent, as aging continues. The need for repeat treatment is determined by the method used and follow-up assessments.
Risks vary depending on the treatment. Injections may cause bruising and swelling, while laser treatments and radiofrequency (RF) microneedling may cause redness, crusting, and pigmentation changes. Complications such as infection, burns, or permanent scarring are also possible. Serious risks have been reported, including rare cases of vascular occlusion and vision loss with dermal fillers, and unintended loss of fat tissue with RF microneedling. The time needed to return to daily activities depends on the type and intensity of the procedure and is considered when planning treatment.
Before treatment, tell your physician about any medications you take, previous procedures, allergies, and a history of cold sores. Aftercare is tailored to the procedure performed. Daily sun protection, gentle cleansing, and appropriate moisturizing are essential. Once the skin has healed, use a broad-spectrum sunscreen with an SPF of at least 30. Your physician should advise you on when to resume products containing retinoids or acids. Avoiding smoking also supports skin health and helps maintain treatment results.
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